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A Review of Real-World Use of Ceftazidime-avibactam for Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections

Ana C. Gales, Luis Fernando Aranha Carmargo, Gabriel Trova Cuba, Gabriel Trova Cuba, Felipe Francisco Tuon, Hui Hwa Choo, Maria Lavinea Novis de Figueiredo, Alvaro Quintana, Paurus Mehelli Irani

The incidence of multidrug-resistant-Gram negative bacilli (MDR-GNB) infections is increasing. Ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) is recommended as one of the preferred agents for the treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) or Pseudomonas aeruginosa with Difficult-To-Treat Resistance (DTR-PA). Given the rising threat of infections caused by MDR-GNB, in particular Carbapenem-Resistant (CR) pathogens, it is important to understand the use of CAZ-AVI for the treatment of GNB infections with limited treatment options. Evidence from 28 real-world studies suggest that CAZ-AVI is an effective and well-tolerated alternative to standard of care antibiotics for treating different types of infection caused by MDR-GNB, including CRE and MDR-Pseudomonas spp. Notably, CAZ-AVI is well tolerated even in severely or critically ill patients, patients with multiple comorbidities, or those with bacteremia. These real-life experiences provide valuable insights into the use of CAZ-AVI across diverse types of GNB infections for which limited treatment options exist.