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Childhood Obesity 2019: Women, trauma and alcohol dependency: Connections and disconnections in alcohol treatment for women- Deanna L Mulvihill- TLI Foundation

Deanna L Mulvihill

Alcohol dependence may be a major public ill health worldwide and imposes a high economic cost on society. the worldwide Burden of Disease Project estimated alcohol use to be liable for 3.5% of all deaths. within the most up-to-date Canadian Addiction randomly conducted telephone survey of households, 22.4% of 13,909 persons were found to exceed safe drinking guidelines. Seventeen percent were classified as hooked in to alcohol supported the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), 8.9% of who were women. Canadian researchers suggest that two-thirds of girls with alcohol dependence have psychological state problems that include posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and lots of of those women are survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV). the mixture of alcohol dependence, PTSD and IPV may compound the private, social and economic cost of every, in part, because women with these experiences are harder to treat than those with alcohol dependence alone. Counsellors report that these women have difficulty maintaining helping relationships. Recognizing that recovery from alcohol dependence may be a long-term process that can't occur solely in short-term, residential treatment, during this chapter we explore the women’s experiences of seeking help before and after residential treatment, with attention on their efforts to access treatment. The loss of social contacts experienced by many ladies during IPV may cause phobia and fear of embarrassment, leading to low self-concept, loss of self-esteem, and self-stigmatization. Negative stereotypes may prevent women from identifying their own alcohol use as problematic, as there's an association between women’s self-image, stigmatization and their denial of alcohol dependence. An outcome of those stereotypes, professionals are reluctant to ask women about substance use and, therefore, they'll miss an early intervention opportunity.Social support has been related to positive outcomes of alcohol treatment in many studies. during a study by Bischof, et al. success factors in treating alcoholic abuse included having few social problems and a high degree of social support. it's also suggested that lack of social support may be a risk factor for relapse. Clearly, for ladies with IPV, PTSD and alcohol dependency, social support may be a critical factor affecting their recovery and quality of life. However, few studies have addressed broader factors involved in social relationships, like alienation or stigma which will be important factors in explaining how women manage the fallout of past or on-going violence, deal with distressing symptoms of PTSD and alcohol dependency or seek treatment for dependency. Some women describe their substance use as having a sudden and heavy onset, often following a traumatic event. In contrast, men’s patterns of substance use are often described as gradual and progressive. Thus, opportunities for early intervention for ladies who develop a dependency due to a traumatic event have a limited timeframe. Additionally, drug abuse treatment for ladies received little attention until the 1970s when research on the differential impact of alcohol on women versus men’s bodies became prominent. This body of research also highlighted other factors that shape women’s use of treatment, like access, child care, transportation and financial resources (Califon). However, despite these studies, women still don't have access to a broad range of services, coordination of care remains lacking and screening to spot the necessity for treatment is usually not administered. The re-experiencing of PTSD symptoms causes neural activation. during this context, minor stressors may elicit full-blown hyper arousal or dissociation leading to behaviour that resembles several psychiatric conditions which will interfere with seeking and obtaining social support. additionally, there's a pattern of interaction between alcohol withdrawal and PTSD symptoms which will make detoxification harder. Persons with PTSD and alcohol dependency may find the physiological arousal resulting from alcohol withdrawal impossible to deal with, such inpatient admission with pharmacological support could also be necessary. Furthermore, results of recent research on detoxification have documented increases in anxiety, cravings and seizures with each successive detoxification. These findings highlight the importance of considering the role of PTSD in detoxification and therefore the importance of building a structure of support for recovery after detoxification. More attention must tend to the intersection of TSD and alcohol dependency and the way these conditions interact with one another. The analysis draws on this data but gives primacy to the women’s reports of their experiences before and after treatment. Four major themes emerged that describe women’s experiences of seeking help before and after residential treatment. These themes were, disconnection, seeking connection, making connection and maintaining connection. These themes appear sequential because the ladies were interviewed over a four-month time span. However, many experienced disconnections again and again, then sought to reconnect.