分析および生物分析技術ジャーナル

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Diagnostic Specificity of Nickel Nano-Particles in Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Stanislaw H Nowak and Wojciech Konstanty Podleski

Metal allergy is mainly an environmental disorder. Nickel is present everywhere. Exposure to nickel is a major cause of Allergic Contact Dermatitis, which respectively is an inflammatory, cellular type delayed hypersensitivity immuno response induced by antigen specific T cells. However, there is no standardized method to assess trace to moderate nickel diagnostic accuracy. The actual antigen is the nickel ion that can only penetrate skin epidermis in soluble form as ion metal hapten, leading to sensitization. Standard nickel sulfate molecule 5.0% w/v in petroleum, as contactant in patch test, evokes clinical global data which are inconclusive and disputable. Such limited antigenic surface recognition does not disclose in full subsequent immuno bio-responses. Nanoparticles have much larger surface area to unit mass ratios which has more powerful and specific foreign signal ability to activate human immune system responses, indeed. Increased immunogenicity with subsequent enhanced immuno-recognition of unrestrictedly exhibited surface antigenicity toward nickel nanoparticles is consistent with presented working hypothesis. Those unique, most effective, super sensitive surface nano-antigens are regulating with extreme precision; recognition, cellular binding and intra-cellular interactions comprising immunobiological responses toward nickel nano-particles. On the basis of patients under the study with Allergic Contact Dermatitis, and control group the distinctive diagnostic definition of nickel nano molecules will be formulated.