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Does Age Affect the Outcomes of Translocation Renal Cell Carcinoma? A Retrospective Analysis from A Middle Eastern Cohort
Ali Al-Daghmin, Sohaib Alhamss, Weam Al-Qasem, Khloud Al-Qasem, Lujain Al-Omari, Hani Al-Najjar and Duaa DAhbour
Background: The natural history of Translocation renal cell carcinomas (tRCC) is variable from indolent behaviors to aggressive disease that demonstrates lymph node and widespread metastasis. Translocation renal cell carcinomas (TRCC) represent 1% to 5% of all cases of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
Objectives: We sought to characterize the associations between age at presentation of tRCC patients and stage, grade, survival and recurrence of the disease in Middle Eastern institution. Materials and methods: Retrospective review of clinical and pathological data from a single institution for 23 patients diagnosed with tRCC between 2005 and 2017. Patients were categorized into two group based on age group 1 (>40 years) and group 2 (≤ 40 years). We evaluated the association between tumor grade, gender, disease free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS) and age.
Results: The tumor was on the right kidney in 52.2% of the patients, and bilateral in one patient. Ten patients (43.5%) were above 40 years of age, and 13 patients (56.5%) were less than or equal to 40 years old regarding the tumor characteristics, the mean tumor size was 9 cm; 4 patients (17.3%) had pathologic T1, seven patients (30.4%) had pathologic T2, 10 patients (43.4%) had pathologic T3 or more and two patients (8.7%) had no surgery. Eleven patients (47.8%) had lymph node dissection for clinically enlarged lymph nodes and seven (64%) of them had lymph nodes metastasis. Nineteen patients (83%) underwent radical nephrectomy and two (8%) had partial nephrectomy. Bilateral renal tumors were managed with left radical and right partial nephrectomy. There were no differences in DFS in patients above and below 40 years of age. No statistically significant associations between Disease-Free survival, gender, pathologic T staging, overall survival and age.
Conclusion: tRCC has variable clinical behavior from indolent to aggressive disease. Age may not affect this clinical behavior.