地球科学と気候変動ジャーナル

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Geomicrobiology: Exploring the Microbial World Beneath Our Feet

Dr. David Thusen

Geomicrobiology is an interdisciplinary field that investigates the interactions between microorganisms and minerals in various geological environments. Microbes play crucial roles in the cycling of elements, mineral formation and transformation, and the overall geochemical processes occurring in Earth's systems. This field combines concepts from microbiology, geology, chemistry, and environmental science to explore the intricate relationships between microorganisms and the Earth's solid and aqueous phases. Geomicrobiological research has significant implications for understanding past and present Earth processes, biogeochemical cycling, and even the search for extraterrestrial life. This abstract provides an overview of the fundamental principles, key research areas, and emerging trends in the field of geomicrobiology. Geomicrobiology is a multidisciplinary field that explores the interactions between microorganisms and geological processes. It encompasses the study of microorganisms inhabiting various geological environments, such as soils, sediments, caves, hydrothermal vents, and deep subsurface environments. These microorganisms play significant roles in shaping Earth's geochemical cycles, biogeochemical transformations, and the evolution of the biosphere.

In geomicrobiology, researchers investigate the diverse metabolic capabilities of microorganisms and their impact on elemental cycling. Microbes are involved in key processes such as mineral weathering, metal solubilization, biomineralization, and organic matter degradation. Through their activities, microorganisms can influence the formation and dissolution of minerals, alter the mobility of nutrients and contaminants, and contribute to the preservation of geological records. The importance of geomicrobiology as a field that bridges microbiology, geology, and environmental sciences. The integration of these disciplines deepens our knowledge of microbial interactions with the Earth's physical and chemical systems. By elucidating the intricate relationships between microorganisms and geological processes, geomicrobiology contributes to our understanding of Earth's past, present, and future, as well as the potential for life in diverse and extreme environments.