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Hard Decision Based Cooperative Spectrum Sensing over Different Fading Channel in Cognitive Radio

Md. Shamim Hossain, Md. Ibrahim Abdullah, Sharif Mohammed Babul Haque and Mohammad Alamgir Hossain

Spectrum sensing is the key component of cognitive radio technology. However, detection is compromised when a user experiences shadowing or fading effects. In such cases, user cannot distinguish between an unused band and a deep fade. Thus, cooperative spectrum sensing is proposed to optimize the sensing performance. We focus performance of cooperative CR user based on spectrum sensing using energy detector in non-fading channel AWGN and fading channels such as Rayleigh, Ricean and Nakagami. This paper presents a simulation comparison of these fading channels based on hard decision combining fusion rule (OR-rule, AND-rule and MAJORITY-rule). Fusion rule is performed at fusion center (FC) to make the final decision about the presence of PU. We observe that spectrum sensing is harder in presence of Rayleigh and Nakagami fading and performance of energy detection degrades more in Nakagami channels than Rayleigh and Ricean channels. It also found that Spectrum sensing in Ricean fading has better results than others.