感染症と病理学のジャーナル

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Prevalence of Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae: A Cross Sectional Study at Adama Hospital, Adama, Ethiopia

GirmaMulisa, Lakew G Selassie, Godana Jarso, Teklu Shiferew, Adinew Zewdu, Wake Abebe, Feleke Belachew and Tsegaye Sewunet

Background: The beta-lactam groups of antibiotics are the largest group of antibacterial agents used in clinical practice and they are frequently prescribed. The wide use of these antibiotics leads to the emergence and spread of resistant bacterial pathogens that produce the extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL). Now days ESBLs producer bacteria are a common encounter in clinical practice and their prevalence varies from local to global. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of ESBL producing bacterial pathogens among Enterobacteriaceae isolates at Adama Hospital, Ethiopia.

Methods: Across sectional study was conducted from May 1, 2013-June 1, 2014 at Adama Teaching Hospital. A total of 384 consecutive non-repeat culture isolates were obtained from different clinical specimens of from patients visiting the Hospital. Bacterial strains were isolated following standard bacteriological techniques of American Society of microbiology. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was determined using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and ESBL production was detected by modified double disc synergy test as stated on clinical and laboratory slandered institute. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.

Results: A total of 133 bacterial strains were isolated of which Enterobacteriaceae account for 68/133(51.1%). Twenty one isolates from the Enterobacteriaceae were suspected for ESBL production and 17/21 (80.95%) of them were confirmed to produce it with the overall prevalence of ESBL producers within the Enterobacteriaceae is 17/68 (25%). E. coli with the prevalence of 10/35 (28.57%) is the leading ESBL producer while Proteus species, Klebsiella species, E. cloacae and Citrobacter species accounted for 3/9 (33.3%), 2/8 (25%), 1/3 (33.3%) and 1/3 (33.3%) respectively.

Conclusion: The prevalence of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae was high among the clinical isolates of Adama Hospital Medical College. Because microbiology laboratories are limited in Ethiopia, the problem may go beyond expectation before it is unraveled. Thus routine screening of ESBL producing microorganisms from clinical samples should be considered where applicable.