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The Effects of Nutrition Education and Diet Therapy on Glycemic and Lipidemic Control in Iranian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Faezeh

Askari1, Samira Rabiei and Reza Rastmanesh*

Objective: To evaluate the effects of nutrition education and adherence to a healthy diet on glycemic and lipidemic control in patients with T2DM. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Setting: Aliebneabitaleb hospital in Ghom. Participants: There were 494 patients with T2DM, aged 14-87 years from both sexes who were selected by convenience sampling. Intervention: The participants were divided into two 247 person groups by stratified randomization. Both groups received a diet adjusted based on ideal body weight and the intervention group was additionally educated about healthy food choices regarding to diabetes. Main outcome measures: Information on medications, psychological factors, diet and physical activity was obtained from questionnaires. Blood samples were collected to measure FBS, 2 hPG, HbA1c, cholesterol and triglyceride. After 2 months, weight and biochemical parameters were measured again. Analysis: Independent T-test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Wilcoxon were used as appropriate. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio of abnormal glycemic and lipidemic control according to the intervention. Results: The mean weight, FBS, 2 hPG, cholesterol and triglyceride after intervention were lower than before that (p<0.05). Conclusions and implications: Nutrition education plus a weigh reducer diet is more effective on glycemic and lipidemic control than a weight reducer diet, alone.